Sekolah Berasrama Penuh (SBP) or Fully Residential School is a school system established to nurture selected outstanding students in a conducive and educational environment to excel in academics and extracurricular activities, creating a wholesome student. There is about 60 SBPs throughout Malaysia.
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History of SBP began in 1890, when the Richard Olaf Winstedt as deputy and later became Director of Education in Malaya. "The Selangor Raja School" was established as a starting step to produce the Malay elite from among the palaces and princes, states, through the English medium education. In 1894, the school was closed for renovation and was reborn in a new form in 1905 at Kuala Kangsar, which to this day known as the Malay College Kuala Kangsar (MCKK).[1]
Sultan of Perak, Sultan Idris in the Conference of Rulers (Durbar) in 1903 which criticized the policy of British administration, especially in the education of the Malays, saying it was merely "to producing better Malay farmers or fisherman only". Sultan of Perak himself has offered on-site locations for MCKK, with the purpose "for the education of the Malays of good family and for the training of Malay boys for admission to certain branches of the government service". In 1947, "Malay Girl College" was established in Kuala Lumpur, later moved to Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, known as Tunku Kurshiah College until now, named after the first Raja Permaisuri Agong.
In September 1955, an Education Committee was established which eventually gave birth to the Razak Report in 1956. Razak Report then approved and produce the Education Ordinance 1957. Razak Report has recommended the formation of 6 units of Sekolah Berasrama Penuh (SBP), namely:
1. Sekolah Dato 'Abdul Razak (SDAR) - 1956
2. Sekolah Tun Fatimah (STF) - 1956
3. Sekolah Tuanku Abdul Rahman (STAR) - 1957
4. Sekolah Menengah Sultan Abdul Halim (SMSAH) - 1963
5. Sekolah Sultan Alam Shah (SAS) - 1963
6. Sekolah Seri Puteri (SSP) - 1968
In 1955, Kolej Islam Malaya has been embodied in the former palace on the site, which by the late Sultan Hishamuddin diwakafkan ibni Sultan Sulaiman in Klang, Selangor. In 1966, the college was moved to Jalan Universiti in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. In 1967, after the customization work is completed, the College was originally moved to Klang and named Kolej Islam Klang. In 1972, pentadbiran College was taken over entirely by the Ministry of Education Malaysia and and name change to Kolej Islam Sultan Alam Shah.
Advancement of education among the students outside of urban area, particularly in the sciences receive attention from the leaders of the country.[2] Because of that, the important projects that need to be implemented in the Second Malaysia Plan is stated as:
Indeed, 10 SBP have been built in the Second Malaysia Plan namely: -
1. Sekolah Menengah Sains Sultan Mohamad Jiwa (1973)
2. Sekolah Menengah Sains Tun Syed Sheh Shahabudin (1973)
3. Sekolah Menengah Sains Selangor (1973)
4. Sekolah Menengah Sains Muzaffar Shah (1973)
5. Sekolah Menengah Sains Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah (1973)
6. Sekolah Menengah Sains Sultan Mahmud (1973)
7. Sekolah Menengah Sains Tengku Muhammad Faris Petra (1973)
8. Sekolah Menengah Sains Tuanku Syed Putra (1974)
9. Sekolah Menengah Sains Tuanku Jaafar (1974)
10. Sekolah Menengah Sains Johor (1975)
There is great competition to acquire places in these elite schools as the number of places are limited compared to the number of eligible applicants. Students are chosen by the SBP unit of the Ministry of Education based on certain criteria. Enrolment is open at the level of Form 1 and Form 4.
Other criteria included in the selection:
Students are required to stay in campus throughout the academic session. Amenities such as classrooms, lodging, praying area, sports facilities and food halls are provided for the use of the students with the aim of developing their talents and cultivating their potential in a conducive learning environment. Being selected students, the government spends a high sum of allocation subsidising students of SBP.
Schools can either be single sex or coed. The teachers chosen are among the best in their fields, and this is particularly important as a great emphasis is placed in excellent academic achievements.
In accordance to the high standard expected from these schools, students who are found to not achieve at required levels may be dismissed from the system, but this vary between the schools and is at the discretion of the governing body of the respective schools. Students with poor disciplinary records are also dismissed from the school system, as there is little tolerance for misbehaviour.
SBP schools do produce excellent results in all government examinations, and also in extracurricular activities in both the field of academics and sports. Great achievements of these schools is celebrated in the yearly event "Hari Kecemerlangan Sekolah Berasrama Penuh" (HKSBP) where awards are given out to schools with outstanding achievements.
The history of SBP is a rich one, and certain fields are considered the hallmark of SBP schools. These include
The following list is arranged according to states in Malaysia.[3]
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